Ibyiza, Ibyiza nogukoresha Byuma Byuma

Icyuma cyangiza, kizwi kandi nka spheroidal cyangwa nodular fer, ni itsinda ryibyuma bivangwa na microstructure idasanzwe ibaha imbaraga nyinshi, guhinduka, kuramba, no gukomera. Ifite karubone irenga 3 ku ijana kandi irashobora kugororwa, kugoreka, cyangwa guhindurwa nta kumena, bitewe na grake ya flake. Ibyuma byangiza bisa nicyuma mumiterere yubukanishi kandi birakomeye cyane kuruta ibyuma bisanzwe.

Ibyuma bya ductile bikozwe mugusuka icyuma gishongeshejwe mumashanyarazi, aho icyuma gikonja kandi kigakomera kugirango kibe ishusho yifuzwa. Ubu buryo bwo gukina butanga ibyuma bikomeye kandi biramba.

Niki gituma ibyuma byangiza bidasanzwe?

Ibyuma bya Ductile byavumbuwe mu 1943 nkiterambere rya kijyambere hejuru yicyuma gakondo. Bitandukanye n'ibyuma, aho grafite igaragara nka flake, icyuma cyangiza gifite grafite muburyo bwa spheroide, niyo mpamvu ijambo "grafite spheroidal." Iyi miterere ituma ibyuma byangirika bihanganira kunama no guhungabana bitavunitse, bitanga imbaraga zikomeye kuruta icyuma gakondo gisanzwe, gikunda kuvunika no kuvunika.

Icyuma cyangiza gikozwe cyane cyane mubyuma byingurube, icyuma-gifite isuku nyinshi kirimo 90%. Icyuma cy'ingurube gikundwa kuko gifite ibintu bike bisigaye cyangwa byangiza, chimie ihoraho, kandi biteza imbere ibihe byiza mugihe cyo gukora. Ibikoresho nkomoko nimpamvu yingenzi ituma ibyuma byibyuma byangiza bikunda icyuma cyingurube kuruta andi masoko nkicyuma gisakaye.

Ibyiza bya Iron Ductile

Ibyiciro bitandukanye byibyuma byimyanda bikozwe mugukoresha imiterere ya matrix ikikije grafite mugihe cyo gutara cyangwa hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Utuntu duto duto duto twashizweho kugirango tugere kuri microstructures yihariye, nayo igena imiterere ya buri cyiciro cyicyuma cyangiza.

Ibyuma byangiza bishobora gutekerezwa nkibyuma hamwe na grafite spheroide yashizwemo. Ibiranga materique metallic ikikije grafite spheroide igira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yicyuma cyangiza, mugihe grafite ubwayo igira uruhare muburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa matrices mubyuma byuma, hamwe nibi bikurikira cyane:

1. 1. Ferrite- Matrisa yicyuma isukuye cyane kandi yoroheje, ariko ifite imbaraga nke. Ferrite ifite imyambarire idahwitse, ariko imbaraga zayo zo kurwanya no koroshya imashini bituma iba ikintu cyingirakamaro mubyiciro byicyuma.
2. 2. Pearlite- Igizwe na ferrite na fer karbide (Fe3C). Biragoye cyane hamwe no guhindagurika kugereranije, gutanga imbaraga nyinshi, kwihanganira kwambara neza, no kurwanya ingaruka zoroheje. Pearlite nayo itanga imashini nziza.
3. 3. Pearlite / Ferrite- Imiterere ivanze hamwe na pearlite na ferrite, niyo matrix ikunze kugaragara mubyiciro byubucuruzi byibyuma byangiza. Ihuza ibiranga byombi, itanga uburyo buringaniye ku mbaraga, guhindagurika, no gukora imashini.

Microstructure idasanzwe ya buri cyuma ihindura imiterere yumubiri:

Ibyiciro Byinshi Byuma Byuma

Mugihe hariho ibintu byinshi bitandukanye byerekana ibyuma, ibishingwe mubisanzwe bitanga amanota 3 asanzwe:

Ibyiza bya Ductile Iron

Icyuma cyangiza gitanga inyungu nyinshi kubashushanya n'ababikora:

• • Irashobora gutabwa byoroshye no gutunganywa, kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro.
• • Ifite imbaraga nyinshi-ku bipimo, itanga ibice biramba ariko byoroheje.
• • Icyuma cyangiza gitanga impagarike nziza yo gukomera, gukora neza, no kwizerwa.
• • Ubushobozi bwayo buhebuje hamwe na mashinable ituma ibera ibice bigoye.

Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyuma

Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo no guhindagurika, icyuma gihindagurika gifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha inganda. Bikunze gukoreshwa mu kuvoma, ibice by'imodoka, ibikoresho, amazu ya pompe, hamwe n’imashini. Kurwanya ibyuma byangiza kuvunika bituma biba byiza mubikorwa byumutekano, nka bollard no kurinda ingaruka. Irakoreshwa kandi cyane mubikorwa byingufu zumuyaga nibindi bidukikije bihangayikishije cyane aho kuramba no guhinduka ari ngombwa.