EN4016: Ubuyobozi bw'ibifunga by'imiyoboro y'icyuma ya Ductile

Mu miyoboro y’icyuma gishyushya umuvuduko, ibifunga (nk'amaboliti, imbuto, na gasket), nubwo ari bito, ni ibintu by'ingenzi mu kwemeza ko imiyoboro ifatanye neza, ifite ubuziranenge, kandi ikora neza mu mutekano. EN4016, “Imiyoboro y’icyuma gishyushya umuvuduko, ibikoresho, n’ibindi bikoresho – Amazi yo kunywa – Ibisabwa n’uburyo bwo gupima,” ishyiraho ibisabwa by’ikoranabuhanga ku bifunga bikoreshwa muri iyo miyoboro. Iyi ngingo itanga amakuru y’ibanze ku bifunga bishingiye kuri iri hame.

Amahame ngenderwaho ya EN4016 ntabwo akubiyemo gusaimiyoboro y'icyuma ikoresha ductilen'ibikoresho ubwabyo, ariko nanone ikagaragaza neza imikorere, ibikoresho, n'uburyo bwo kurinda ingese za sisitemu zo gufunga zikoreshwa mu kuzihuza (harimo na bolts, nat, na messers). Guhitamo no gukoresha ibifunga byubahirije iri hame ni ingenzi mu kwemeza ko sisitemu yose yo gufunga imiyoboro y'amazi yujuje ubuziranenge n'umutekano.

Ibisabwa by'ibanze ku bikoresho byo kwihambiraho
Dukurikije EN4016, ibifunga bikoreshwa mu miyoboro y'icyuma ikoresha ibyuma bito (cyane cyane ikoreshwa mu gutanga amazi yo kunywa) bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa by'ibanze bikurikira:
1. Imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imashini

• Amaboliti: muri rusange agomba kuba akozwe mu bikoresho bifite imbaraga n'ubukomere buhagije, nk'icyuma cya karuboni cyangwa icyuma cya alloy. Ingano yabyo y'imiterere ya mekanike igomba kuba nibura 8.8 (bisobanura imbaraga zo gukurura za 800 MPa n'igipimo cy'imbaraga zo kwihutisha cya 0.8). Ku bijyanye n'umuvuduko mwinshi, amaboliti afite imbaraga za 10.9 cyangwa zirenga ashobora kuba akenewe.
• Imbuto: zigomba guhuza urwego rw'imiterere y'umugozi, akenshi zikoresha imbuto zo mu rwego rwa 8 cyangwa 10, kugira ngo zifatanye neza kandi hirindwe ko insinga zicika.
• Gushobora guhindurwa: bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo guhindurwa no gukora neza kugira ngo hatabaho inenge z'imbere.

2. Imigozibigomba kubahiriza amahame ngenderwaho ya ISO (urugero, ISO68-1, ISO261),Isuku, yuzuye, kandi idafite uduce duto, imyanya, n'ibindi bisebe kugira ngo ifatane neza n'umunyu.

3. Ingano n'Ubwihanganeigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa mu kwihanganira ibintu byavuzwe mu bishushanyo mbonera n'amahame bireba (nka EN ISO 4014 na EN ISO 4032) kugira ngo ishobore guhindagurika no guhuza ibintu.

Kubera ko imiyoboro y'icyuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa ductile ikunze gukoreshwa munsi y'ubutaka cyangwa ahantu hashyushye, kandi ikaba itwara amazi yo kunywa, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ingese bw'ibifunga buri hejuru cyane. EN4016 ifite amabwiriza akomeye kuri ibi:
1. Ingaruka zo kwangirika
Ibikoresho byo gufata ibyuma bya karuboni bishobora kwangirika cyane mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi mu bidukikije bikonje. Kwangirika gukomeye bishobora gutuma imiyoboro icika, ingingo zigasohoka, ndetse n'imiyoboro igacika.
Kugira ngo amazi agere ku mazi yo kunywa, agakoresho karinda kwangirika gagomba kuba kadafite uburozi, kadafite impumuro, kandi kadafite ingaruka ku bwiza bw'amazi.

2. Imyambaro yo kurwanya ingese isabwa,EN 4016 itanga inama ku buryo bukurikira bwo kurwanya ingese mu mazi yo kunywa:
Gushyushya no gukaraba (HDG): Ubu buryo ni uburyo busanzwe kandi bufite akamaro bwo kurinda. Nyuma yo gukaraba no gukaraba, ibifunga bishyirwa muri zinc ishongeshejwe kugira ngo bikore urwego rw'ubutare bunini bwa zinc-iron hamwe n'urwego rw'ubutare busanzwe.
Ibisabwa: Ubunini bw'urwego rwa galvanised bugomba kuba bwujuje ibisabwa (nk'ibikubiye muri ISO 10684), akenshi busaba ubunini bw'impuzandengo bwa 50μm kugira ngo burinde ingese igihe kirekire. Dacromet/Zinc-Chromium Coating: Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga ingese ridashobora guterwa na hydrogen, rikorwa hakoreshejwe slurry igizwe n'ifu ya zinc, ifu ya aluminiyumu, na aside chromic hanyuma ikabiteka ku bushyuhe bwinshi.
Ibyiza: Irwanya ingese neza cyane (ubusanzwe iruta icyuma gishyushya gifite ubunini bungana), nta ngaruka zo kwangirika kwa hydrogen, kandi ifite irangi rimwe.
Yujuje ibisabwa byose ku isuku ku bikoresho bihuye n'amazi yo kunywa.

Gusiga Epoxy Coating: Ifiriti ikomeye yo kurinda epoxy resin ishyirwa ku buso bw'igipfunyika hakoreshejwe uburyo nko gutera amashanyarazi.
Ibyiza: Irwanya imiti cyane kandi igaragara neza. Ariko, igitambaro kigomba kuba gitunganye kandi kidafite ibyangiritse, kuko bishobora gutera ingese.

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